// DrumCube, an arduino robot drummer
// by Franco Molina @artefrancomolina



// Setting servos
#include <Servo.h>
Servo servo1;
Servo servo2;
Servo servo3;

// Servo positions
// this will differ depending on your servos, please test yours to find out the values that best suit you
byte restServo1 = 12;
byte hitServo1 = 21;
byte restServo2 = 123;
byte hitServo2 = 114;
byte restServo3 = 4;
byte hitServo3 = 19;  

// Setting the HiHat white noise generator
#define noiseGenerator 12
#define noiseLed 13 //turn on led as a visual representation of the noise being generated

// Setting servo times
// this will also differ depending on your servos, please test yours to find out the values that best suit you
byte timeSnare1 = 110;
byte timeSnare2 = 108;
byte timeKick = 71;
byte timeHihat = 20;
byte sustainTimeHihat = 70;

// Setting previous Snare and Kick
byte previousSnare = 2;
byte previousKick = 0;


// Setting cycle times
static unsigned long timeStartCycle;
static unsigned long timeTotalCycle; // changing this, change how fast/slow the rhythm is, you can set a specific value for each drumbeat in the selectDrumBeat() function

// Bar and Cycles variables
int cycleNumber;
int cycleNumbers[] = {6, 0, 5, 0, 8, 0, 5, 0, 6, 0, 5, 0, 8, 0, 5, 0}; // this array stores the drum elements combination for each cycle (semiquaver or sixteenth) of the drumbeat 
byte timeSignature = 44;
int drumbeatID = 0; // ID number for each drumbeat

// 
int i; // for counting the time in the "for loop" of the cyclePlayer function
int b; // for the "for loop" that counts the number of cycles

// control interface
#define switchPlayStop 2  // switch bettween playing and stop
#define buttonSelect 3    // tact button that select the drumbeat to play







void setup(void) {

  // define pins for each servo
  pinMode (5, OUTPUT);
  pinMode (6, OUTPUT);
  pinMode (9, OUTPUT);

  // attach servos to those pins
  servo1.attach(5); //caja 1
  servo2.attach(6); //caja 2
  servo3.attach(9); //bombo
  delay(150);

  // put all servos on rest position
  servo1.write(restServo1);
  servo2.write(restServo2);
  servo3.write(restServo3);
  delay(300);

  // Setting hihat and led pinmodes
  pinMode (noiseGenerator, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(noiseGenerator, LOW);
  pinMode (noiseLed, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(noiseLed, LOW);

  // Setting control interface pinmodes
  pinMode (switchPlayStop, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode (buttonSelect, INPUT_PULLUP);

}



void loop(void) {
  if (switchPlayStop == LOW) { //if the play/stop switch is ON (logical LOW)
    
    //We start a "for loop" to play a semiquaver cycle a maximum of 16 times, for every bar
    for (b = 0; b < 16; b = b + 1) {
      
      selectDrumBeat(); // select the drumbeat based on the drumbeatID selected
      cyclePlayer(cycleNumbers[b]); //play the semiquaver cycle for each number stored in the cycleNumbers array

      // if we reach the maximum number of cycles (16 for 4/4, 12 for 6/8, 12/8 or 3/4) we start again
      if (b == 11 && (timeSignature == 68 || timeSignature == 128)) {
        b = -1;
      }
      if (b == 15) {
        b = -1;
      }
    }
    
  }
  // If the play/stop switch is OFF (logical HIGH) we enter settingMode
  else {
    settingMode(); // function that lets you choose between different drumbeats and wait for the play switch to be activated
  }
}





// CYCLE PLAYER
// this functions runs a semiquaver cycle every time is called.
void cyclePlayer(int cycleNumber) { // we store every single value of the cycleNumbers array into the cycleNumber variable
  timeStartCycle = millis(); // we save the starting time, to compare it later with the actual time and get the time past

  //set both snare servos to rest position in case they were on hit position
  servo1.write(restServo1);
  servo2.write(restServo2);

  //we star a "for loop" for the entire duration of every semiquaver cycle
  for (i = 0; i < timeTotalCycle; i++) {

    //now we send the hitting commands on time so they reach their destination on time (the end of the semiquaver cycle)

    // if we reach the time to send the command to the snare on servo1. We start checking the element that takes the longest time to move, in this case is servo1, in yours could be different.
    if ((millis() - timeStartCycle >= timeTotalCycle - timeSnare1)) {
      // we check if this is the one snare of the two, that has to be played,
      // and also, if in this cycle a snare has to be played at, all based on the cycleNumber number (this number define the cobination of drum elements)
      if ((previousSnare == 2) && ((cycleNumber == 9) || (cycleNumber == 8) || (cycleNumber == 4) || (cycleNumber == 3)) ) {
        servo1.write(hitServo1 + 5); // we send the servo command
      }
      // if we reach the time to send the command to the snare on servo2
      if (millis() - timeStartCycle >= timeTotalCycle - timeSnare2) {
        // we check if this is the one snare of the two, that has to be played, and also if in this cycle a snare has to be played at all
        if ((previousSnare == 1) && ((cycleNumber == 9) || (cycleNumber == 8) || (cycleNumber == 4) || (cycleNumber == 3)) ) {
          servo2.write(hitServo2 - 5); // we send the servo command
        }
        // we now check if we reached the time to send the command to the third servo, the kick
        if ((millis() - timeStartCycle >= timeTotalCycle - timeKick)) {
          // we check if in this cycle a snare has to be played
          if ( (cycleNumber == 9) || (cycleNumber == 4) || (cycleNumber == 6) || (cycleNumber == 1) ) {
            // we check on what position was previosly the servo, either hiting the left or the right piezo, this state will be saved later
            if (previousKick == 0) {
              servo3.write(hitServo3);
            }
            else if (previousKick == 1) {
              servo3.write(restServo3);
            }
          }
          // finally, we check if the time to turn on the white noise generator was reached, for the hihat
          if (millis() - timeStartCycle >= (timeTotalCycle - timeHihat)) {
            // we check if in this cycle the hihat has to be played
            if ( (cycleNumber == 9) || (cycleNumber == 8) || (cycleNumber == 6) || (cycleNumber == 5) ) {
              digitalWrite(noiseLed, HIGH);
              digitalWrite(noiseGenerator, HIGH);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    // This is where the semiquaver cycle ends.

    // HIHAT DURATION
    // turn off hi-hat noise generator, but only under the following conditions:
    //    //if the noise-generator was ON        //the time past exceed the time set as sustain          //the time past does not reach yet the point where a new noise could start
    if ( (digitalRead(noiseGenerator) == HIGH) && (millis() - timeStartCycle >= sustainTimeHihat) && (millis() - timeStartCycle < (timeTotalCycle - (timeHihat + 10))) ) {
      digitalWrite(noiseGenerator, LOW);
      digitalWrite(noiseLed, LOW);
    }

    // Check if the play/stop switch is switched OFF
    if (digitalRead(switchPlayStop) == HIGH) {
      i = timeTotalCycle;                //reset time counting
      digitalWrite(noiseGenerator, LOW);  //turn off noise
      digitalWrite(noiseLed, LOW);        //turn off noise
      servo1.write(restServo1);           //stop servos
      servo2.write(restServo2);           //stop servos
    }

    delay(1);
  }

  // If one of the Snares was hit, then declare it as the previous one, in order to hit the other one the next time
  if ((cycleNumber == 9) || (cycleNumber == 8) || (cycleNumber == 4) || (cycleNumber == 3)) {
    switch (previousSnare) {
      case 1:
        previousSnare = 2;
        break;
      case 2:
        previousSnare = 1;
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
  }

  // If one of the piezo kick was hit, then declare it as the previous one, in order to hit the other one the next time
  if ( (cycleNumber == 9) || (cycleNumber == 4) || (cycleNumber == 6) || (cycleNumber == 1) ) {
    switch (previousKick) {
      case 0:
        previousKick = 1;
        break;
      case 1:
        previousKick = 0;
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
  }
}




// SETTING MODE
// this mode is activated when the play/stop switch is swiched OFF (logical LOW)
void settingMode() {
  while (digitalRead(switchPlayStop) == HIGH) { // keep doing the following actions while the play/stop switch is OFF
    if (digitalRead(buttonSelect) == LOW) { // if the selection button is pressed (logical LOW), we change the drumbeat
      drumbeatID ++; // we select the next drumbeat each time the button is pressed 
      selectDrumBeat(); // select the drumbeat based on the drumbeatID
      // OPTIONAL
      // Here you can add whatever piece of code to indicate which drumbeat is being selected,
      // this could be turning in a led, sending a serial.print(), etc.
      if (drumbeatID > 7) { //in case we exceed the total number of drumbeats availabe (), we go back to 0.
        drumbeatID = 0;
      }
      delay(100); //delay to avoid detecting button twice when pressed once
    }
  }
}






// SELECT DRUMBEAT
// this functions uses the value stored in drumbeatID, to modify all the variables needed in order to choose between drumbeats.
void selectDrumBeat() {
  switch (drumbeatID) {
    case 1: // DiscoBasic
      timeTotalCycle = 124;
      timeSignature = 44;
      cycleNumbers[0] = 1;
      cycleNumbers[1] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[2] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[3] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[4] = 4;
      cycleNumbers[5] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[6] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[7] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[8] = 1;
      cycleNumbers[9] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[10] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[11] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[12] = 4;
      cycleNumbers[13] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[14] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[15] = 0;
      break;
    case 2: // NewBugalú
      timeTotalCycle = 155;
      timeSignature = 44;
      cycleNumbers[0] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[1] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[2] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[3] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[4] = 8;
      cycleNumbers[5] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[6] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[7] = 3;
      cycleNumbers[8] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[9] = 3;
      cycleNumbers[10] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[11] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[12] = 8;
      cycleNumbers[13] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[14] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[15] = 0;
      break;
    case 3: // HiHat16
      timeTotalCycle = 134;
      timeSignature = 44;
      cycleNumbers[0] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[1] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[2] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[3] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[4] = 8;
      cycleNumbers[5] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[6] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[7] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[8] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[9] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[10] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[11] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[12] = 8;
      cycleNumbers[13] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[14] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[15] = 5;
      break;
    case 4: // SwingGroove
      timeTotalCycle = 153;
      timeSignature = 128; // (12/8)
      cycleNumbers[0] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[1] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[2] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[3] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[4] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[5] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[6] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[7] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[8] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[9] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[10] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[11] = 5;
      break;
    case 5: // BossaNova
      timeTotalCycle = 200;
      timeSignature = 44;
      cycleNumbers[0] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[1] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[2] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[3] = 9;
      cycleNumbers[4] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[5] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[6] = 8;
      cycleNumbers[7] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[8] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[9] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[10] = 8;
      cycleNumbers[11] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[12] = 9;
      cycleNumbers[13] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[14] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[15] = 6;
      break;
    case 6: // ShuffleGroove
      timeTotalCycle = 134;
      timeSignature = 128; // (12/8)
      cycleNumbers[0] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[1] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[2] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[3] = 9;
      cycleNumbers[4] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[5] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[6] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[7] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[8] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[9] = 9;
      cycleNumbers[10] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[11] = 5;
      break;
    case 7: // Franco's beat
      timeTotalCycle = 142;
      timeSignature = 44;
      cycleNumbers[0] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[1] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[2] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[3] = 1;
      cycleNumbers[4] = 8;
      cycleNumbers[5] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[6] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[7] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[8] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[9] = 1;
      cycleNumbers[10] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[11] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[12] = 8;
      cycleNumbers[13] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[14] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[15] = 0;
      break;
    default: // Basic 4/4
      timeTotalCycle = 144;
      timeSignature = 44;
      cycleNumbers[0] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[1] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[2] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[3] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[4] = 8;
      cycleNumbers[5] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[6] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[7] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[8] = 6;
      cycleNumbers[9] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[10] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[11] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[12] = 8;
      cycleNumbers[13] = 0;
      cycleNumbers[14] = 5;
      cycleNumbers[15] = 0;
      break;
  }
}